Quick Answer
A litigant in person (LiP) is someone who represents themselves in court without a solicitor. You have an absolute right to do so in family court. Over 80% of family court hearings in England and Wales now involve at least one self-represented party.
Representing yourself in family court as a litigant in person (LiP) is increasingly common in England and Wales. With the right preparation and support, you can navigate the process effectively and protect your relationship with your children.
A litigant in person is someone who represents themselves in court without a solicitor or barrister. In family court, this is very common — over 80% of family court hearings now involve at least one self-represented party. The term "litigant in person" (often abbreviated to "LiP") is used in England and Wales to describe anyone who appears in court without legal representation. Litigants in person have the same rights as represented parties, and judges are required to make reasonable allowances for their lack of legal training. Many parents successfully navigate family court proceedings as litigants in person with proper preparation and support.
As a litigant in person, you have the right to a fair hearing, to see all evidence, to cross-examine witnesses, and to have a McKenzie Friend present. Judges are required to make reasonable allowances for self-represented parties. You have the right to be heard, to present your case, to challenge the other party's evidence, and to appeal a decision you believe is wrong. The court must ensure that the process is fair and that you understand what is happening. You also have the right to legal aid in some circumstances, and you can apply for fee remission if you cannot afford court fees.
Key documents include your position statement, any C100 or C79 applications, witness statements, a court bundle, and any CAFCASS reports. CourtCraft Advocate can help you prepare all of these with AI-powered tools. Your position statement is your opportunity to tell the judge your side of the story in a clear, factual way. Witness statements from people who know you and the children can provide important evidence. A well-organised court bundle makes it easy for the judge to find the documents they need. CAFCASS reports carry significant weight with judges and should be carefully reviewed.
Arrive early, dress professionally, address the judge as "Your Honour" or "Sir/Madam", speak clearly and stick to the facts. Bring three copies of all documents. Stay calm and focused on the welfare of your children. Prepare your questions for the other party in advance. Listen carefully to what the judge says and take notes. If you do not understand something, ask for clarification. Remember that the judge is not against you — they are trying to make a decision in the best interests of the children. Be respectful to the judge, the other party, and any witnesses.
Understand the Process
Read the Family Procedure Rules and any Practice Directions relevant to your case type.
Gather Your Documents
Collect all correspondence, orders, and evidence. Organise them chronologically in a court bundle.
Write Your Position Statement
Prepare a clear, concise position statement setting out your case and what orders you are seeking.
Attend a MIAM
Most cases require a Mediation Information and Assessment Meeting (MIAM) before court proceedings can begin.
File Your Application
Submit your C100 or other application to the court with the correct fee or fee remission form.
Prepare for the Hearing
Review all documents, prepare questions for witnesses, and brief your McKenzie Friend if you have one.
Yes. You have an absolute right to represent yourself in family court. Judges are required to make reasonable adjustments to assist litigants in person.
You typically need a position statement, witness statement, any relevant applications (C100, C79), and a court bundle containing all correspondence and evidence.
In the Family Court, address the judge as "Your Honour" if they are a Circuit Judge, or "Sir" or "Madam" if they are a District Judge or Magistrate.
Yes. Citizens Advice, the Personal Support Unit (PSU), and CourtCraft Advocate all offer free guidance for litigants in person in family court.
CourtCraft Advocate provides AI-powered McKenzie Friend support, document preparation, and expert family court guidance. Thousands of litigants in person across England and Wales trust CourtCraft Advocate to help them navigate the family court system.
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